
Echinacea
A Strong clinical evidenceEchinacea purpurea
Juice pressed from fresh echinacea plants may help with short-term prevention and treatment of colds. Dried echinacea tea is not covered.
Forms of use
Leaves, flowers, roots or bark that are dried and mostly brewed as tea.
54 herbs · 13 with clinical evidence (A/B) · 7 not marked avoid in pregnancy

Echinacea purpurea
Juice pressed from fresh echinacea plants may help with short-term prevention and treatment of colds. Dried echinacea tea is not covered.

Plantago ovata
Taken with plenty of water, psyllium husk helps soften stools in constipation; keep a gap between it and other medicines.

Senna alexandrina
A stimulant laxative for short-term relief of occasional constipation. No longer than 1 week; not for children under 12, in pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

Hypericum perforatum
St John's wort extract may help with mild to moderate depressive episodes, but it seriously interacts with many medicines, including the pill.

Valeriana officinalis
Dry extracts of valerian root may help with mild nervous tension and sleep problems; they work gradually, so use them for 2–4 weeks.

Hibiscus sabdariffa
A sour, red tea. Meta-analyses of small clinical trials found it slightly lowered blood pressure in mildly high blood pressure.

Rosa canina
A fruit rich in vitamin C. A special rose hip powder helped reduce pain in knee and hip osteoarthritis in small clinical studies.

Cynara cardunculus (syn. C. scolymus)
Artichoke leaf is traditionally used for indigestion with fullness, bloating and wind; it must not be used with gallbladder disease.

Calendula officinalis
Calendula flower is traditionally used for minor skin inflammation such as sunburn, as an aid to heal minor wounds and as a mouth gargle.

Matricaria recutita
A gentle herbal tea traditionally used for bloating and mild stomach cramps, common cold symptoms and mouth or throat irritation.

Zea mays
A tea made from the silky threads of corn cobs, traditionally drunk to increase urine flow in minor urinary complaints. It does not cause weight loss.

Sambucus nigra
Elderflower tea is traditionally used to relieve early symptoms of the common cold. The assessment covers the flowers only.

Camellia sinensis
Green tea is traditionally used to relieve fatigue and a feeling of weakness; it contains caffeine and is unsuitable with high blood pressure or ulcers.

Crataegus spp.
Hawthorn leaf and flower are traditionally used for palpitations linked to mild anxiety, after a doctor has ruled out serious heart disease.

Equisetum arvense
Horsetail is traditionally used to increase urine flow in minor urinary complaints and, on the skin, to support healing of superficial wounds.

Lavandula angustifolia
Lavender flower tea is traditionally used to relieve mild symptoms of stress and exhaustion and to aid sleep in adults and teenagers.

Melissa officinalis
Lemon balm leaf tea is traditionally used to relieve mild symptoms of stress, to aid sleep and for mild bloating and wind in adults.

Glycyrrhiza glabra
Traditionally used for heartburn and indigestion and as an expectorant for cough with a cold; it needs care as it can raise blood pressure and lower potassium.

Tilia cordata, Tilia platyphyllos
Linden (lime) flower tea is traditionally used to relieve symptoms of the common cold and mild symptoms of stress in adults and older children.

Althaea officinalis
Marshmallow root is soaked in cold water and used to soothe throat irritation with dry cough and mild stomach discomfort.

Mentha × piperita
Peppermint leaf tea is traditionally used for indigestion and wind; it can make heartburn worse in people with acid reflux.

Passiflora incarnata
Passion flower (Passiflora incarnata) herb tea is traditionally used to relieve mild symptoms of stress and to aid sleep.

Plantago lanceolata
Ribwort plantain leaf is traditionally used for throat irritation with dry cough, for cough with a cold and for minor skin inflammation.

Salvia officinalis
Sage leaf is traditionally used as a gargle for mouth and throat inflammation, for mild indigestion and for excessive sweating.